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Breakfast cereal (or just cereal) is a food made from processed grains that is often eaten as the first meal of the day. It is eaten hot or cold, usually mixed with milk, yogurt, or fruit. Some companies promote their products for the health benefits from eating oat-based and high-fiber cereals. In America, cereals are often fortified with vitamins. A significant proportion of cold cereals are made with high sugar content. Many breakfast cereals are produced via extrusion. The breakfast cereal industry has gross profit margins of 40-45%,〔 〕 90% penetration in some markets,〔 〕 and steady and continued growth throughout its history.〔("Breakfast Cereals: A Report on the Supply of Ready Cooked Breakfast Cereal Foods" ), The Monopolies C omission, 20 February 1973〕 In 2008, the total breakfast cereal sales were slightly over $13.3 billion in the U.S. alone.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】title=Pell Research - Breakfast Cereal Manufacturing ) 〕 The number of different types of breakfast cereals in the U.S. has grown from 160 (1970) to 340 (1998) to 4,945 (2012).〔Aichner, T. and Coletti, P. 2013. Customers' online shopping preferences in mass customization. Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice, 15(1): 20-35.〕 ==History of cereal in North America== Porridge was a traditional food in much of Northern Europe and Russia back to antiquity.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ifood.tv/network/porridge )〕 Barley was a common grain used, though other grains and yellow peas could be used. In many modern cultures, porridge is still eaten as a breakfast dish. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「breakfast cereal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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